Ria Reddy, Ben Rezaei, Carolyn Moorman, Avery Borens, Ben Schmida, Nidal Morrison, Johanna Moore, and Annika Ganzeveld

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Iran continues to signal that it will reject the recent US nuclear proposal. The United States recently sent a proposal to Iran that would require Iran to halt all uranium enrichment on Iranian soil after the establishment of a regional nuclear consortium. Iranian Foreign Affairs Ministry Spokesperson Esmail Baghaei criticized the US proposal on June 9 and stated that Iran will soon present a counter-proposal via Oman. Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf stated on June 8 that "no rational mind would accept" the US proposal. CTP-ISW previously assessed that Iran's continued rejection of the US demand for zero uranium enrichment could cause the US-Iran negotiations to collapse. US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu held a phone call on June 9 amid growing indications from Iranian officials that Iran is planning to reject the US proposal. Trump stated after the phone call that Iran and the United States will meet on June 12, which corresponds with the reported US deadline for Iran to agree to a new nuclear deal. Netanyahu reportedly convened a security cabinet meeting to discuss Iran following the phone call.

The Iranian Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) released a statement following Trump and Netanyahu’s phone call on June 9 in which it threatened to attack Israel's "covert nuclear facilities" in response to a potential Israeli strike on Iranian nuclear facilities. The SNSC claimed that Iran would attack Israeli nuclear facilities using a "treasure trove” of sensitive information about Israeli nuclear facilities that Iran reportedly recently obtained and exfiltrated to Iran. Iranian officials announced Iran’s alleged acquisition of this sensitive information on June 7. Iran's claim that it obtained intelligence about Israeli nuclear facilities is likely an information operation that seeks to advance several objectives. A US journalist reported on June 4 that Iran may include a demand for a nuclear weapons-free Middle East in its counter-proposal to the United States, citing two experts in contact with Iranian negotiators. Iran may calculate that it can use its alleged acquisition of "sensitive information” about Israeli nuclear facilities to bolster its argument for a nuclear weapons-free Middle East. Iran may also use this information operation to reinforce its threat to attack Israeli nuclear facilities in retaliation for a potential Israeli strike on Iran in order to try to deter such a strike.

Key Takeaways:

• US-Iran Nuclear Negotiations: US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu held a phone call on June 9 amid growing indications from Iranian officials that Iran is planning to reject the recent US nuclear proposal. Trump stated after the phone call that Iran and the United States will meet on June 12, which corresponds with the reported US deadline for Iran to agree to a new nuclear deal. Netanyahu reportedly convened a security cabinet meeting to discuss Iran following the phone call. The Iranian Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) released a statement following Trump and Netanyahu’s phone call on June 9 in which it threatened to attack Israel's "covert nuclear facilities" in response to a potential Israeli strike on Iranian nuclear facilities. The SNSC claimed that Iran would attack Israeli nuclear facilities using a "treasure trove” of sensitive information about Israeli nuclear facilities that Iran reportedly recently obtained and exfiltrated to Iran. Iran's claim that it obtained intelligence about Israeli nuclear facilities is likely an information operation that seeks to advance several objectives. Iran likely accused Israel of sabotage to obfuscate Iran's non-compliance with the IAEA and to try to deter a non-compliance resolution, potential US or Israeli strikes on Iran, and snapback sanctions.

• Iraqi Parliamentary Elections: Iranian-backed Shia Coordination Framework parties are committing electoral fraud ahead of the November 2025 Iraqi parliamentary elections, according to leaked audio recordings. Kurdish media reported on June 8 that an unspecified leader of Iranian-backed militia Asaib Ahl al Haq (AAH) threatened to fire AAH members who don’t update their voter registration and vote for candidates of AAH’s Sadiqoun political bloc. A professor at the Baghdad-based al Farahidi University, which is owned by Deputy Parliament Speaker Mohsen al Mandalawi, was separately recorded telling students and their families to vote for Mandalawi in exchange for academic degrees and financial benefits. National Wisdom Movement head Ammar al Hakim condemned corruption and electoral fraud on June 7.

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