Avery Borens, Carolyn Moorman, Ben Rezaei, Ben Schmida, Ria Reddy, Andie Parry, Nidal Morrison, Johanna Moore, and Annika Ganzeveld



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Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei categorically rejected the recent US nuclear proposal because the proposal would require Iran to eventually halt all uranium enrichment on Iranian soil. Iran’s continued rejection of the US demand for zero uranium enrichment could cause the US-Iran nuclear negotiations to collapse. Axios reported on June 2 that the US proposal would allow Iran to enrich uranium at three percent on Iranian soil during the establishment of a regional nuclear consortium. The United States reportedly seeks to establish the consortium outside of Iran. Iran would be required to halt all enrichment after the establishment of the consortium. Khamenei delivered a speech on June 4 in which he stated that enrichment in Iran "is a red line." Khamenei claimed that a nuclear industry without enrichment is “practically worthless" and emphasized that Iran would not become “dependent” on foreign countries for uranium. Under the US proposal, Iran would receive uranium for civilian nuclear purposes as part of the regional consortium but would not be allowed to independently enrich uranium on Iranian soil after the consortium is formed.  

Key Takeaways:

• US-Iran Nuclear Negotiations: Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei categorically rejected the recent US nuclear proposal because the proposal would require Iran to eventually halt all uranium enrichment on Iranian soil. Iran’s continued rejection of the US demand for zero uranium enrichment could cause the US-Iran nuclear negotiations to collapse. Khamenei claimed that a nuclear industry without enrichment is “practically worthless" and emphasized that Iran would not become “dependent” on foreign countries for uranium. Under the US proposal, Iran would receive uranium for civilian nuclear purposes as part of the regional consortium but would not be allowed to independently enrich uranium on Iranian soil after the consortium is formed.  

• Israel-Syria Tensions: Likely Iranian-aligned militants launched a small-scale rocket attack from southwestern Syria into the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights on June 3. This attack marks the first time that militants have attacked Israel from Syrian territory since the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024. Two likely Iranian-aligned groups separately claimed responsibility for the June 3 rocket attack. Neither group has previously conducted any attacks targeting Israel. This attack may have been an attempt to fuel tension between Israel and Syria in order to undermine recent deconfliction and diplomatic efforts between the two countries.

• Iranian Internal Security: The Iranian Law Enforcement Command (LEC) spokesperson announced on June 4 that the LEC arrested an “ISIS-affiliated network” in Tehran. LEC forces arrested 13 individuals who were part of the network, including the leader, members of support and coordination teams, and suicide operatives. LEC forces seized suicide vests and backpacks, among other equipment. Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISKP), which is the Afghan branch of the Islamic State, has conducted several attacks in Iran in recent years.

• Iraqi Parliamentary Elections: Shia Coordination Framework members opposed to Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammad Shia al Sudani and his coalition accused Sudani and his coalition of corruption, likely to damage Sudani’s electoral prospects in the November 2025 Iraqi parliamentary elections. The Shia Coordination Framework separately rejected a proposal by Sudani for a “political consensus” to prevent conflicts during the formation of the next government after the parliamentary elections.

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